Set out below are self-help suggestions and useful information relating to conditions connected with dandruff. However, if you have any concerns that last for more than a few days, they should be reported to your doctor.

Dandruff

Dandruff is a very common condition. Everyone’s scalp regularly sheds white scales, which are dead skin cells. In dandruff sufferers, these cells are shed every few days rather than once a month. Characteristic white dandruff flakes can be seen in the hair parting and against black clothing. The scalp may also be itchy. Dandruff cannot be passed on by sharing combs or hats.

The culprit seems to be a fungus infection called P. ovale. These little yeast cells cannot make their own fatty acids, so usually only live on the scalp in small numbers. However, people who suffer from seborrhoeic dermatitis may have oily skin. Greasy hair products like oils and conditioners may also provide the yeast with food. When the yeast cells can get enough oils, they proliferate and cause the skin cells to shed rapidly.

Treatment revolves around killing the fungus and removing the excess oils on the scalp. Regular hair washing with a neutral pH shampoo will rinse off excess fats. Avoid oily hair styling products. Shampoos containing ketoconazole will kill the fungus. A combination of a once monthly antifungal shampoo with regular anti-dandruff shampoos weekly will keep dandruff at bay. Alternative treatment is aimed at reducing the number of scalp cells produced each month, and these shampoos contain selenium. Coal tar shampoos and some steroid shampoos could also be used in people who suffer from seborrhoeic dermatitis too.

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